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spinsters in England 1660-1850
- Categories
- Book/Boek
- Creator
- Hill, Bridget
- Publish Year
- 2001
- Shelfmark
- B2417 - B
- Thesaurus
- alleenstaanden, sociale klasse, geleerde vrouwen, lesbische vrouwen, ondernemers, vriendinnen, religie, armoede, platteland, onderwijs, Verenigd Koninkrijk, 17e eeuw, 18e eeuw, 19e eeuw
- Description
- This book opens a window into the lives of British spinsters in the mid-seventeenth to mid-nineteenth centuries, assessing the opportunities open to them and the restrictions placed upon them within different social classes, occupations, and periods. Hill examines how often spinsters were able to earn enough money to live independently, She looks at the part single women played in religious organisations and the role of friendship and letter-writing in their daily lives. She describes the nature of close relationships between women, some lesbian but many others not. Exploring the spinsters' possibilities of escape from restrictive lives, particularly by emigration or crossdressing, she discusses how successful these were. She provides details about the degree of surveillance single women suffered from the authorities and how often they were seen as a threat to social order. Finally she addresses the question of whether all spinsters of this era were suffering victims or potential viragoes, or neither.
the professionalization of women artists in America
- Categories
- Book/Boek
- Creator
- Prieto, Laura R.
- Publish Year
- 2001
- Shelfmark
- B2739 - B
- Thesaurus
- creatieve beroepen, seksualiteit, sociale klasse, etniciteit, professionalisering, huisvrouwen, Verenigde Staten, 18e eeuw, 19e eeuw, 20e eeuw
- Description
- The author examines the emergence of a professional identity for American women artists. By focusing on individual sculptors, painters, and illustrators, Prieto gives us a compelling picture of the prospects and constraints faced by women artists in the United States from the late eighteenth century through the 1930s. Prieto tracks the transformation from female artisans and ladies with genteel 'artistic accomplishments' to middle-class professional artists. Domestic spaces and familial metaphors helped legitimate the production of art by women. Expression of sexuality and representation of the nude body, on the other hand, posed problems for these artists. Women artists at first worked within their separate sphere, but by the end of the nineteenth century 'New Women' grew increasingly uncomfortable with separatism, wanting ungendered recognition. With the twentieth century came striking attempts to reconcile domestic lives and careers with new expectations: these decades also ruptured the women's earlier sense of community with amateur women artists in favor of specifically professional allegiances. This study of a diverse group of women artists -diverse in critical reception, geographic location, race, and social background- reveals a forgotten aspect of art history and women's history.
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