This volume of essays on the history of female scientists in the field of Austrian and European ethnology is written by modern anthropologists from Slovakia, Kroatia, Switserland, and Germany. Some essays present biographies of individual scientists, including: Marie Andree-Eysn (1947-1929): Gertrud Pesendorfer (1895-1982), Gretl Karasek (1910-1992), and Erna Piffl (1904-1987): Lily Weiser (1898-1987): Ingeborg Weber-Kellermann (1918-1993): Dunja Rihtman-Augustin (1926-2002), and Lydia Sklevicky (1952-1990): Emilia Horváthová (1931-1996): Yvonne Verdier (1941-1989). These scientists and their work have developed in the context of different social and political systems. Among the other themes in the book are: the study of folklore as an means of racial delimitation: the expression of nature by Austrian women researchers of folk music and dance: the modernization of Kroatian ethnology: the research of folklore and dress: and the position of female museum directors.