'In all countries of the world, especially in high-income countries, women declare a higher level of life satisfaction than men when they experience similar conditions (for example, pay and working conditions), but score lower on measures that capture short-term positive and negative emotions, and suffer from higher levels of depression. It is true that the advantage of women in terms of happiness and life satisfaction is not uniform along the life cycle: women are less happy than men the age of 18, happier than men afterwards and until their fifties, and less again thereafter. .The positive gap in life satisfaction is not explained by women’s situation on the labour market, their income, education, personality traits or other personal features or living conditions. On the contrary, women would have obvious reasons to be less satisfied with their life and their professional situation than men: they perform longer hours of unpaid work, receive lower wages and are still predominantly clustered into less prestigious occupations. Authors propose two main explanations for this contrasted picture. The first one is that men and women make different use of their time, especially when they live together. The second one is that they have different expectations.'
'In 2015, the sixth EWCS interviewed almost 44,000 workers (both employees and self-employed people) in 35 European countries: the 28 EU Member States, the five EU candidate countries, and Norway and Switzerland. Workers were asked a range of questions concerning employment status, work organisation, learning and training, working time duration and organisation, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work–life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, as well as work and health.'