This article examined the ways in which social movement institutionalization takes place and the effects of organizational institutionalization for the SMO and government actors involved. The case of the COCÔÇÖs institutionalization between 1986-1994 has generated three findings. First, the process of institutionalization for SMOs centers around sustained exchange relations. Second, although the process involves tradeoffs, institutionalization can facilitate SMOs and does not necessarily result in cooptation. Third, institutionalization results in changes for and to both SMO and government actors.