This collection is a scholarly study of the pervasiveness and significance of Roxolana (c. 1500–1558) in the European imagination. Roxolana, or ‘Hurrem Sultan’, was a sixteenth-century Ukrainian woman who made a career from harem slave and concubine to legal wife and advisor of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566). These essays represent an interdisciplinary survey of her legacy. The contributors investigate her image in a variety of sources, ranging from early modern historical chronicles, dramas and travel writings, to twentieth-century historical novels and plays. Also included are six European source texts featuring Roxolana, here translated into modern English. This collection examines Roxolana from both Western and Eastern European perspectives: source material is taken from England, Italy, France, Spain, Germany, Turkey, Poland, and Ukraine.